This strategy is based on 4 pillars, i.e., empower and engage communities ensure safe, effective treatment strengthen health systems and increase partnerships, coordination, and resources. In 2019, the WHO launched a strategy for the prevention and control of SBE, aimed at halving the deaths and disabilities caused by this NTD by the year 2030. This in turn demands the engagement of communities to improve the cohabitation of humans, domestic animals, and snakes in rural agroecosystems. Unlike many infectious diseases, SBE cannot be eradicated, but its incidence and impact can be reduced through effective programs aimed at better prevention and rapid access to treatment. SBE has unique features that make its prevention and control challenging. Such complexity demands more integrative approaches for better understanding and confronting this disease. This requires a better understanding of the complex social, cultural, and ecological contexts where SBE occurs, within the conceptual frame of One Health, an integrated approach that recognizes the health of humans, animals, and the environment as closely linked and interdependent. SBE not only affects humans, but also domestic animals, including livestock, with negative social and economic consequences. SBE mostly affects impoverished rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Latin America, and parts of Oceania, thus fueling a vicious cycle of poverty and illness. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 4.5 to 5.4 million people are bitten by snakes annually, resulting in 1.8 to 2.7 million envenomings, 81,000 to 138,000 deaths, and at least 400,000 people suffering from physical or psychological sequelae. Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) of high global impact. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.įunding: The authors received no specific funding for this work.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 16(11):Įditor: Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, BRAZILĬopyright: © 2022 Gutiérrez et al. (2022) Understanding and tackling snakebite envenoming with transdisciplinary research. Citation: Gutiérrez JM, Borri J, Giles-Vernick T, Duda R, Habib AG, Malhotra A, et al.
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